Apophis Asteroid 20% BIGGER than previously thought.

Astronomers following the so-called "doomsday" asteroid Apophis which could collide with Earth have discovered it is 20% bigger than previously thought.

Previous estimates put the asteroid's average diameter at 270 metres (877 feet) representing a mass that would equal the energy release of a 506-megatonne bomb, according to NASA figures.

The European Space Agency (ESA) said its Herschel telescope had scanned the space rock as it headed towards its closest fly-by with the planet in years on Wednesday.

The object is being tracked by astronomers to help them fine tune the 2029 and 2036 risks of a collision.

Herschel, using thermal sensors, also found that Apophis is darker than previously thought, the ESA added.

Only 23% of light that falls on it is reflected, and the rest is absorbed by the asteroid. Previous estimates of this reflectivity, known as albedo, were put at around 33%.

This discovery is important because asteroids experience something called the Yarkovsky effect, or an increase in thrust that comes from alternate heating and cooling as the rock slowly turns in space.

Over time, this momentum can change the body's trajectory as it moves through the Solar System.

On February 15, a 57-metre (185-feet) asteroid, 2012 DA14, will skim the planet at just 34,500km (21,600 miles), making the narrowest approach so far of any detected asteroid.

http://news.sky.com/story/1035995/doomsday-asteroid-that-could-crash-into-earth

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Does Scientific Research Support An Asteroid Impact?

07/01/00  ~~

Apophis

Zecharia Sitchin in The Twelth Planet explores the evidence for the deluge of 12,500 to 13,000 years ago being caused by the unusual passage of a twelfth body of our solar system. 


Ancient Akkadian texts, likely copies of Sumerian originals, describe how the Age of Leo was accompanied by the sudden appearance in the sky of a bright, fast approaching heavenly body called the 'Lord whose shining crown with terror is laden' (cf. X.72). 


Sitchen believes a planet or large comet may circle our sun in a highly eccentric orbit outside the ecliptic plane of Earth and the other planets. This would account for certain known but inexplicable anomalies in the orbits of the outer planets, especially Uranus and Neptune.


In 'The Mars Mystery' Graham Hancock presents the following scenario: 20,000 year ago a giant comet approaches too close to Mars, fragmentation occurs, devastates Mars, continues in orbit. 13,000 to 12,000 years ago - major bombardment of the Earth as comet passes close to earth, Glaciers retreat 11,000 to 10,000 years ago - 2nd major bombardment of Earth - Ice Age ends


He proposes a theory that the Earth undergoes smaller periodic occurrences as it passes through the cometry debris stream. Evidence of episodes of chaos and disruption and rapid climate change, lasting for several decades, involving repeated collisions with multiple (upto 100 per year) of at least Tunguska size fragments (100m) seem to have occurred around 7000 BC, 5000 BC, 4000 BC, 2500 BC, 1000 BC, 500 AD.


Evidence is growing that an impact or combination of impacts occurred around 2,354 BC. Scientists are pointing to studies of tree-rings in Ireland which have revealed that about 2,354-2,345 BC there was an abrupt change to a colder climate.


They have also highlighted discoveries by archaeologists in northern Syria of a catastrophic environmental event at about the same time. This is also about the time that Bronze Age civilisations collapsed.

Wouldn't astronomers have seen the comet by now?   Some facts:  
90% of the sky is unpatrolled by professionals. NASA annual budget for 1997 was $13.8 billion. It spent less than one million dollars in 1997 in support of Near earth Asteroid and Comet survey. Britain contributed a one off grant of £6000. 


The Near Earth Asteroid Program, a small under funded project, finds about 3 new earth crossing orbit asteroids a month. The earth passes through the Taurid meteor stream 24th June - 6th July and again 3rd November - 15th November. This stream contains approximately 200 asteroids of more than 1km in diameter.


In August 1998, a 1.6km asteroid passed within 6hrs of Earth. As an example of a recent comet consider Shoemaker Levy 9, a short period comet. It was discovered in March 1993 - it had a parent nucleus size of ~10 km [Sekanina, Chodas, Yeomans]. It had actually made a very close approach to Jupiter in summer 1992, when it broke into 21 fragments - undiscovered at this time. It impacted into Jupiter July 1994 as has been fully documented. Surely satellites and deep space probes would discover the comet before it's appearance at the time of the eclipse?


Firstly, governments will not necessarily inform the public. Also, consider 1979 where U.S Naval Research Laboratory, through an Air Force Satellite, photographed the previously unknown comet 1979 XI crash into the Sun, but the comet remained unreported for TWO AND A HALF YEARS, until the researchers looked at the film!

Source BBC news site:

http://news2.thdo.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid%5F100000/100101.stm

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